Pew Research Center’s Spring 2024 Global Attitudes Survey is based on telephone, face-to-face and online interviews conducted under the direction of Gallup, Langer Research Associates, Social Research Centre and Verian

Survey results are based on telephone, face-to-face and online interviews conducted under the direction of Gallup , Langer Research Associates , Social Research Centre and Verian .

Results for the U.S. are based in part on surveys conducted on Pew Research Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP) The survey includes an oversample of 2,051 Jewish and Muslim Americans .

Survey was developed by Pew Research Center in consultation with Ipsos , SSRS and NORC .

The data collection field period for this survey was Feb. 13 to 25, 2024 .

Data was weighted in a multistep process that accounts for multiple stages of sampling and nonresponse that occur at different points in the survey process.

Survey looked at attitudes based on respondents’ religious identification, how often they pray, educational attainment and whether they live in high- or middle-income countries.

Pew Research Center analyzed religious groups with sufficiently large sample sizes to be reliable.

Respondents of other religious backgrounds were still included in surveys, even if we were not able to analyze their religious group separately.